In this paper, we propose a new methodology for modeling credit transition probability matrixes (TPMs) using macroeconomic factors. We use two indicators, which we call bias and inertia, to summarize ...

The most accurate estimation of transition probabilities for a multi-state model of health status requires longitudinal data. However, for many countries such data are usually not available. Instead, ...

Latest economic research and insights delivered to your inbox each month. This paper presents GMMET, the Global Macroeconomic Model for the Energy Transition, and provides documentation of the model ...

The business case for modelling in climate policy is simple. We can’t resolve problems we don’t fully comprehend. Modelling helps turn uncertainty into informed choices — grounding climate ambition in ...

Angiogenesis is crucial during many physiological processes and is influenced by various biochemical and biomechanical factors. Models have proved useful in understanding the mechanisms of ...